Table 3.

Clinical factors associated with health-related quality of life^a

	Total MLHFQ score	P-value	Physical MLHFQ score	P-value	Emotional MLHFQ score	P-value
Duration of CHF	0.224	0.010	0.223	0.011	0.151	0.085
Previous MI
Yes	52.0±19.0	0.373	25.5±10.3	0.684	11.2±6.2	0.418
No	49.6±19.4		25.3±9.0		10.4±6.6
Previous AP
Yes	51.6±19.0	0.325	25.8±9.9	0.344	10.8±6.6	0.796
No	48.6±19.6		24.7±8.7		10.5±6.4
Hypertension
Yes	49.1±19.9	0.130	24.8±9.4	0.255	10.1±6.5	0.084
No	54.0±17.1		26.9±9.5		12.2±6.4
Diabetes mellitus
Yes	49.8±17.9	0.904	24.0±8.9	0.180	11.3±6.7	0.365
No	50.6±19.9		25.9±9.6		10.3±6.4
Number of comorbidities	−0.053	0.538	−0.045	0.604	−0.039	0.649
NYHA class
I or II	39.3±18.2	<0.001	19.3±9.8	<0.001	8.5±5.5	0.023
III or IV	54.7±18.0		27.7±8.2		11.5±6.6
LVEF (%)
≥40	49.3±18.7	0.661	25.1±9.1	0.699	10.7±6.4	0.568
<40	51.5±19.9		25.5±9.9		10.4±6.6
Depressive symptoms
Yes	57.9±17.6	<0.001	28.5±8.9	<0.001	13.1±6.4	<0.001
No	40.9±17.1		21.4±8.6		7.5±5.0
Cognitive impairment
Yes	53.8±20.7	0.030	26.6±9.8	0.062	12.1±7.2	0.022
No	46.7±17.0		24.0±8.9		9.1±5.2
Length of hospital stay	0.198	0.021	0.162	0.060	0.199	0.020

Notes:

^aUnivariate analysis. HRQOL was assessed using the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire; higher scores represent more impaired HRQOL. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation, Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient, or Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.

Abbreviations: MLHFQ, Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire; CHF, chronic heart failure; MI, myocardial infarction; AP, angina pectoris; NYHA, New York Heart Association; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; HRQOL, health-related quality of life.