Table 5.
Association between maternal use of antidepressants and autism spectrum disorder in exposed and not exposed siblings from 2,765 families with at least one child with autism spectrum disorder
| AD exposure | Number of children | Person-years at risk | Autism spectrum disorder n (%) | Crude HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HRa (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exposed to ADb | 96 | 681.0 | 37 (38.5) | 0.8 (0.4–1.6) | 1.1 (0.5–2.3) |
| Not exposed to AD | 6,046 | 47,288.6 | 2,850 (47.1) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) |
|
| |||||
| SSRI exposurec | Number of children | Person years at risk | Autism spectrum disorder n (%) | Crude HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HRa(95% CI) |
|
| |||||
| Association between the use of SSRI and ASD in siblings from 2,765 families with at least one child with ASD | |||||
| Exposed to SSRI | 81 | 579.0 | 30 (37.0) | 0.7 (0.3–1.5) | 0.9 (0.4–2.0) |
| Not exposed to SSRI | 6,036 | 47,211.2 | 2,845 (47.1) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) |
Notes:
Hazard ratios were adjusted for maternal age at conception, paternal age at conception, gestational age, birth weight, sex, and parity
58 families had two or more children who were discordant for AD exposure as well as ASD diagnosis
children exposed only to AD other than SSRI were excluded from this analysis. Families who only had one child in the analysis after this were excluded.
Abbreviations: AD, antidepressant drugs; ASD, autism spectrum disorder; HR, hazard ratio; n, number; (ref), reference; SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; SNRI, serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors; TCA, tricyclic antidepressants; CI, confidence interval.