Table 1.

List of PNPase influences on various bacterial pathogens.

Organism	PNPase role	References
Salmonella enterica	Promotes cold growth	Clements et al., 2002
	Promotes acute infection and virulence in murine infections	Clements et al., 2002
	Suppresses Salmonella plasmid virulence genes	Ygberg et al., 2006
Yersinia enterocolitica	Promotes cold growth	Goverde et al., 1998
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis	Promotes cold growth	Rosenzweig et al., 2005
	Promotes virulence in murine and cell culture infections	Rosenzweig et al., 2007
Yersinia pestis	Promotes virulence in cell culture infection and optimal TSSS function	Rosenzweig et al., 2005
	Promotes virulence in Swiss Webster murine IP infections	Lawal et al., 2011
Dichelobacter nodosus	Suppresses virulence and twitching motility	Palanisamy et al., 2010
Campylobacter jejuni	Promotes cold growth	Haddad et al., 2009, 2012
Staphylococcus aureus	Promotes cold growth	Anderson and Dunman, 2009
Streptococcus pyogenes	Degrades virulence transcripts during late exponential phase	Barnett et al., 2007
Streptococcus mutans	Is upregulated during acid-shock	Len et al., 2004

TTSS, Type three secretion system.