Table I.
Demographics, epilepsy and treatment characteristics
| Characteristics | Overall (n = 309) | Newer (n = 76) | Oldera (n = 233) | Mono (n = 188) | Poly (n = 121) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genderd | |||||
| Female, n (%) | 157 (50.8) | 45 (59.2) | 112 (48.1) | 95 (50.5) | 62 (51.2) |
| Male, n (%) | 151 (48.9) | 30 (39.5) | 121 (51.9) | 92 (48.9) | 59 (48.8) |
| Age [years]e | |||||
| Mean ± SD | 23.92 ±16.72 | 21.53 ±13.35 | 24.70 ±17.63 | 21.89 ±16.66 | 27.02 ±16.41 |
| Range | 4–82 | 4–73 | 4–82 | 4–79 | 4–82 |
| Age at onset [years]e | |||||
| Mean ± SD | 13.76 ±13.46 | 12.57 ±10.69 | 14.15 ±14.24 | 14.34 ±13.67 | 12.88 ±13.12 |
| Range | 1–78 | 1–78 | 1–78 | 1–72 | 1–78 |
| Duration since last seizure [days]b, e | |||||
| Median(Q1–Q3) | 183(30–517) | 183(32–365) | 183(25–525) | 274(84–660) | 66(10–216) |
| Duration since last treatment modification [months]b | |||||
| Median(Q1–Q3) | 10(5–19) | 8(5–15) | 11(5–22) | 11(6–22) | 8(5–18) |
| Type of seizurec, f, n (%) | |||||
| POS only | 227 (73.5) | 58 (76.3) | 169 (72.5) | 129 (68.6) | 98 (81.0) |
| PGS only | 75 (24.3) | 17 (22.4) | 58 (24.9) | 55 (29.3) | 20 (16.5) |
| POS & PGS | 3 (1.0) | – | 3 (1.3) | – | 3 (2.5) |
| AED by medication, n (%) | |||||
| CBZ | 86 (27.8) | – | 86 (26.9) | 50 (26.6) | 36 (29.8) |
| CLN | 3 (1.0) | – | 3 (1.3) | – | 3 (2.5) |
| GBP | 13 (4.2) | 7 (9.2) | 6 (2.6) | 3 (1.6) | 10 (8.3) |
| LTG | 63 (20.4) | 29 (38.2) | 34 (14.6) | 20 (10.6) | 43 (35.5) |
| LEV | 16 (5.2) | 6 (7.9) | 10 (4.3) | 2 (1.1) | 14 (11.6) |
| OXC | 49 (15.9) | 33 (43.4) | 16 (6.9) | 22 (22.3) | 27 (22.3) |
| PB | 2 (0.6) | – | 2 (0.9) | – | 2 (1.7) |
| PHT | 3 (1.0) | – | 3 (1.3) | 2 (1.1) | 1 (0.8) |
| TGB | 10 (3.2) | 5 (6.6) | 5 (2.1) | 1 (0.5) | 9 (7.4) |
| TPM | 36 (11.7) | 16 (21.1) | 20 (8.6) | 8 (4.3) | 28 (23.1) |
| VPA | 149 (48.2) | – | 149 (48.2) | 80 (42.6) | 69 (57.0) |
| AED by group, n (%) | |||||
| 1 older | 132 (42.7) | – | 132 (56.6) | 132 (70.2) | – |
| 1 newer | 56 (18.1) | 56 (73.7) | – | 56 (29.8) | – |
| 2 older | 10 (3.2) | – | 10 (4.3) | – | 10 (8.3) |
| 2 newer | 20 (6.5) | 20 (26.3) | – | – | 20 (16.5) |
| 1 older + 1 newer | 91 (29.4) | – | 91 (39.0) | – | 91 (75.2) |
a
Also includes patients on 1 newer and 1 older AED
b
Median (Q1 – the first quartile – Q3 – the third quartile)
c
Types of seizures, POS – partial onset seizures including simple partial seizures, complex partial seizures, partial onset seizures with secondary generalization alone and in combinations; PGS – primarily generalized seizures including absence, myoclonic, clonic, tonic-clonic, atonic seizures alone and in combination
d
Gender data were missing for one patient
e
Age and age at epilepsy onset data were missing for 3 patients
f
Type of seizure data were missing for 4 patients