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. 2013 Nov 19;7:182. doi: 10.3389/fncir.2013.00182

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Copyright © 2013 Straka and Baker.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Schematic diagram of horizontal vestibuloocular reflex circuitry in teleosts and elasmobranchs. “Goldfish” shows the principal three-neuronal vestibuloocular reflex linking the horizontal semicircular canal with contralateral abducens (ABD) and ipsilateral MR motoneurons. ”Flatfish” shows that after 90^∘ displacement of the vestibular relative to visual axis (metamorphosis) compensatory eye movements are produced by redirecting horizontal canal signals to vertical and oblique (SR-IO and IR-SO) motoneurons. In “Shark,” horizontal canal/second order neurons project to contralateral ABD and MR motoneurons including ipsilateral AI neurons. 1^∘, first order vestibular neuron; ATD, Ascending Tract of Deiter’s. Schematic diagrams based on results from Graf et al. (1997; goldfish), Graf and Baker (1985a,b; flatfish), and Graf et al. (2001; shark).