Table.

The CARE Guidelines

The Narrative: A case report tells a story in a narrative format that includes the presenting concerns, clinical findings, diagnoses, interventions, outcomes (including adverse events), and follow-up. The narrative should include a discussion of the rationale for anyconclusions and any takeaway messages.

ITEM NAME	ITEM NO.	BRIEF DESCRIPTION
Title	1	The words case report (or case study) should appear in the title along with phenomenon of greatest interest (eg, symptom, diagnosis, test, intervention)
Keywords	2	The key elements of this case in 2 to 5 words
Abstract	3	Introduction—What does this case add? Case Presentation: Main symptoms of the patient Main clinical findings Main diagnoses and interventions Main outcomes Conclusion—What were the main takeaway lessons from this case?
Introduction	4	Brief background summary of this case referencing the relevant medical literature
Patient Information	5	Demographic information (eg, age, gender, ethnicity, occupation) Main symptoms of the patient (his or her chief complaints) Medical, family, and psychosocial history—including diet, lifestyle, and genetic information whenever possible and details about relevant comorbidities including past interventions and their outcomes
Clinical Findings	6	Describe the relevant physical examination (PE) findings
Timeline	7	Depict important dates and times in this case (table or figure)
Diagnostic Assessment	8	Diagnostic methods (eg, PE, laboratory testing, imaging, questionnaires) Diagnostic challenges (eg, financial, language/cultural) Diagnostic reasoning including other diagnoses considered Prognostic characteristics (eg, staging) where applicable
Therapeutic Intervention	9	Types of intervention (eg, pharmacologic, surgical, preventive, self-care) Administration of intervention (eg, dosage, strength, duration) Changes in intervention (with rationale)
Follow-up and Outcomes	10	Summarize the clinical course of all follow-up visits, including Clinician- and patient-assessed outcomes Important follow-up test results (positive or negative) Intervention adherence and tolerability (and how this was assessed) Adverse and unanticipated events
Discussion	11	Strengths and limitations of the management of this case Relevant medical literature Rationale for conclusions (including assessments of cause and effect) Main takeaway lessons of this case report
Patient Perspective	12	The patient should share his or her perspective or experience whenever possible
Informed Consent	13	Did the patient give informed consent? Please provide if requested