Fig. 1.

Time course of LPS or sAPP induction of IL-1α, IL-1β, and TNFα mRNA expression in microglia. A, N9 microglial cells were treated with either LPS (30 ng/ml) or sAPP (10 nm) for the indicated times [hours (h)]. Total RNA was extracted and subjected to RT-PCR of sequences specific to IL-1α, IL-1β, or TNFα; G3PDH was amplified to assess equivalency of loading. B, Primary microglia were treated with sAPP (10 nm) for 2 hr, followed by two washes with fresh medium. These microglia were then cultured in fresh medium for up to 12 hr and harvested for cytokine expression assay. Controls (Con) were untreated sister cultures. Data are representative of at least two separate experiments.