Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with asymptomatic or symptomatic vertebral artery origin stenosis
| Total (n = 137) |
Vertebral artery origin stenosis |
P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asymptomatic (n = 64) | Symptomatic (n = 73) | |||
| Age, years (mean ± SD) |
70.4 ± 10.3 |
71.5 ± 10.8 |
69.5 ± 9.9 |
0.247 |
| Male (n,%) |
73 (53.3) |
40 (62.5) |
33 (45.2) |
0.043 |
| Hypertension (n,%) |
96 (70.1) |
46 (71.9) |
50 (68.5) |
0.666 |
| Diabetes (n,%) |
66 (48.2) |
30 (46.9) |
36 (49.3) |
0.776 |
| Hyperlipidemia (n,%) |
56 (40.9) |
28 (43.8) |
28 (38.4) |
0.522 |
| Atrial fibrillation (n,%) |
6. (4.4) |
4 (6.3) |
2 (2.7) |
0.316 |
| Smoking (n,%) |
61 (44.5) |
29 (45.3) |
32 (43.8) |
0.862 |
| Previous stroke history (n,%) |
34 (24.8) |
20 (31.3) |
14 (19.2) |
0.103 |
| Coronary arterial disease |
27 (19.7) |
12 (18.8) |
15 (20.5) |
0.792 |
| Peripheral arterial disease |
5 (3.6) |
2 (3.1) |
3 (4.1) |
0.759 |
| ESRS (mean ± SD) |
3.2 ± 1.5 |
3.3 ± 1.5 |
3.1 ± 1.4 |
0.339 |
| Concurrent vertebrobasilar stenosis* |
42 (30.7) |
14 (21.9) |
28 (38.4) |
0.037 |
| Concurrent carotid stenosis† |
28 (20.4) |
16 (25.0) |
12 (16.4) |
0.215 |
| Stroke subtype |
|
|
|
0.304 |
| Small artery occlusion |
39 (28.5) |
21 (32.8) |
18 (24.7) |
|
| Large artery atherosclerosis |
48 (35.0) |
24 (37.5) |
24 (32.9) |
|
| Cardioembolism |
11 (8.0) |
6 (9.4) |
5 (6.8) |
|
| Two or more causes |
16 (11.7) |
4 (6.3) |
12 (16.4) |
|
| Negative evaluation | 23 (16.8) | 9 (14.1) | 14 (19.2) | |
*indicates the presence of concurrent severe stenosis or occlusion of the contralateral vertebral artery, or tandem stenosis of intracranial vertebral artery or basilar artery.
†indicates the concurrent presence of more than 50% stenosis of at least one carotid artery.
ESRS Essen Stroke Risk Score.