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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Neurochem. 2013 Jul 19;127(6):10.1111/jnc.12346. doi: 10.1111/jnc.12346

Figure 1. Trait determination: Relative roles of heredity and environment, estimated by variance components in twin pairs.

Figure 1

Figure 1

Results are shown as the mean ± SEM for traits. Significant differences (P<0.05) are bold. SBP indicates systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SVC/SV Compliance, systemic vascular compliance; BRS up, baroreceptor slope upward deflection, BRS down, baroreceptor slop downward deflection; pEPI, plasma epinephrine; CHGB, chomogranin B; pFFA, plasma free fatty acids; eGFR (CKD-EPI), estimated glomerular filtration rate by Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration algorithm; pRenin, plasma active renin.

(a) Heritability (h2) of hemodynamic, autonomic, and metabolic traits.

(b) Genetic pleiotropy for plasma norepinephrine (pNE) with correlated traits, plotting RhoG (genetic covariance) as a function of RhoE (environmental covariance). The diagonal line is the theoretical line of identity (Y = X).