TABLE 2.

Effect of psychiatric domain symptoms on the initiation of use of alcohol and marijuana ^a,^b,^c

a. Alcohol use initiation					b. Marijuana use initiation
Models	Psychiatric symptoms		HR	95% CI	Models	Psychiatric symptoms		HR	95% CI
Single psychiatric domain symptoms models					Single psychiatric domain symptoms models
1	Depression	Recent	1.02	0.99–1.05	1	Depression	Recent	1.00	0.97–1.04
		Cumulative	1.06	1.03–1.09			Cumulative	1.06	1.02–1.10
2	Anxiety	Recent	1.14	1.07–1.21	2	Anxiety	Recent	1.05	0.99–1.12
		Cumulative	0.93	0.84–1.04			Cumulative	0.97	0.88–1.07
3	Conduct disorder	Recent	1.61	1.37–2.90	3	Conduct disorder	Recent	1.37	1.22–1.54
		Cumulative	1.65	1.23–2.20			Cumulative	1.33	1.02–1.74
All three psychiatric domain symptoms model					All three psychiatric domain symptoms model
4	Depression	Recent	1.00	0.97–1.03	4	Depression	Recent	0.99	0.95–1.03
		Cumulative	1.04	1.01–1.08			Cumulative	1.00	0.95–1.05
	Anxiety	Recent	1.10	1.03–1.17		Anxiety	Recent	1.02	0.95–1.09
		Cumulative	0.89	0.80–1.00			Cumulative	0.91	0.81–1.02
	Conduct disorder	Recent	1.59	1.35–1.87		Conduct disorder	Recent	1.39	1.22–1.58
		Cumulative	1.45	1.03–2.03			Cumulative	1.38	1.02–1.85

^aAll models are adjusted for race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status. Model 2 is also adjusted for parental history of drug problems.

^bRecent measures are the participant’s scores in the assessment of depression, anxiety, and conduct disorder on the year prior to the assessment of alcohol or marijuana use.

^cCumulative measures represent the participant’s mean score over the period beginning at age 7 to the second year prior to the assessment of alcohol or marijuana use.

^dAll models are adjusted for clustering of responses within subjects and within schools from which subjects were recruited