Fig. 1.

Stimulation or inhibition of cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcerogenesis in rats with increased (Fe⁺³, Fe⁺²) or decreased iron levels. A: gross appearance of duodenal ulcers 48 h after cysteamine administration. Animals were pretreated with saline (n = 7), FeSO₄ (n = 10), or deferoxamine (n = 10) 15 min before each dose of cysteamine. B: duodenal ulcer size was scored 48 h after cysteamine in animals pretreated with saline, FeCl₃, FeSO₄, or deferoxamine or fed an iron-deficient diet (chronic experiments, n = 5). The duodenal ulcer crater dimensions were measured in millimeters, and the ulcer areas were calculated using the ellipsoid formula. C: aggravation of duodenal ulcers by ferric gluconate. Duodenal ulcers were compared without and with anesthesia by isoflurane inhalation. Saline and ferric gluconate injections were given intravenously (i.v.) 30 min before cysteamine administration. Results are expressed as means ± SE (*P < 0.01, n = 5).