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. 2013 Nov 19;8(11):e80657. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080657

Figure 6. VPA and ATRA promote expression of TSGs.

Figure 6

(A) A ChIP assay was used to examine the effect of VPA and ATRA on the level of histone acetylation in the RARβ2-RARE region. (B) A significant increase in RARβ2-RARE enrichment was observed in tumors treated with a combination of VPA and ATRA, indicating that combination treatment restores RARβ2 expression via epigenetic modification. (C) VPA and ATRA restored expression of RARβ2, sequentially enhancing the expression of E-cadherin, involucrin, and loricrin, based on Q-PCR. (D) Immunoblot analysis further showed reactivation of TSGs after treatment with a combination of VPA and ATRA. This treatment resulted in the terminal differentiation and partial apoptosis of the tumour cells in the xenografts. *P<0.05, **P<0.01.