Table 2.
Dietary intake of one-carbon nutrients and E-cadherin, p16, and RAR-β2 promoter methylation in breast tumors: case-case comparison
| Quartile of nutrients | E-cadherin | p16, | RAR-β2 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||
| M | U | OR (95% CI) 1 | M | U | OR (95% CI) 1 | M | U | OR (95% CI) 1 | |
| Folate a | |||||||||
| Q4 (highest) | 36 | 141 | 1.0 | 40 | 137 | 1.0 | 52 | 125 | 1.0 |
| Q3 | 35 | 163 | 0.95 (0.54–1.58) | 57 | 141 | 1.18 (0.73–1.91) | 53 | 145 | 0.96 (0.60–1.52) |
| Q2 | 42 | 158 | 1.11 (0.64–1.92) | 53 | 147 | 0.93 (0.56–1.54) | 51 | 149 | 0.98 (0.59–1.60) |
| Q1 (lowest) | 48 | 180 | 1.17 (0.66–2.08) | 58 | 170 | 0.76 (0.44–1.31) | 65 | 163 | 1.15 (0.69–1.92) |
| p trend | 0.48 | 0.19 | 0.61 | ||||||
| Vitamin B2 b | |||||||||
| Q4 (highest) | 44 | 143 | 1.0 | 42 | 145 | 1.0 | 59 | 128 | 1.0 |
| Q3 | 38 | 159 | 0.74 (0.44–1.24) | 42 | 155 | 0.83 (0.50–1.39) | 57 | 140 | 0.92 (0.58–1.46) |
| Q2 | 37 | 161 | 0.69 (0.39–1.21) | 70 | 128 | 1.43 (0.86–2.38) | 45 | 153 | 0.68 (0.41–1.14) |
| Q1 (lowest) | 42 | 179 | 0.69 (0.37–1.28) | 54 | 167 | 0.70 (0.39–1.27) | 60 | 161 | 0.87 (0.50–1.51) |
| p trend | 0.25 | 0.56 | 0.36 | ||||||
| Vitamin B6 c | |||||||||
| Q4 (highest) | 38 | 136 | 1.0 | 38 | 136 | 1.0 | 55 | 119 | 1.0 |
| Q3 | 41 | 166 | 0.93 (0.55–1.56) | 53 | 154 | 1.06 (0.64–1.73) | 51 | 156 | 0.78 (0.49–1.25) |
| Q2 | 38 | 164 | 0.82 (0.47–1.44) | 56 | 146 | 1.04 (0.62–1.77) | 50 | 152 | 0.85 (0.51–1.41) |
| Q1 (lowest) | 44 | 176 | 0.91 (0.49–1.68) | 61 | 159 | 0.88 (0.50–1.58) | 65 | 155 | 1.10 (0.64–1.89) |
| p trend | 0.70 | 0.65 | 0.62 | ||||||
| Vitamin B12 d | |||||||||
| Q4 (highest) | 39 | 145 | 1.0 | 45 | 139 | 1.0 | 56 | 128 | 1.0 |
| Q3 | 41 | 173 | 0.95 (0.57–1.59) | 54 | 160 | 0.90 (0.56–1.45) | 52 | 162 | 0.76 (0.48–1.20) |
| Q2 | 43 | 160 | 1.05 (0.62–1.78) | 55 | 148 | 0.96 (0.59–1.56) | 56 | 147 | 0.91 (0.56–1.46) |
| Q1 (lowest) | 38 | 164 | 0.94 (0.53–1.68) | 54 | 148 | 0.82 (0.48–1.39) | 57 | 145 | 1.00 (0.60–1.66) |
| p trend | 0.94 | 0.54 | 0.78 | ||||||
| Methionine e | |||||||||
| Q4 (highest) | 41 | 151 | 1.0 | 38 | 154 | 1.0 | 57 | 135 | 1.0 |
| Q3 | 50 | 158 | 1.11 (0.67–1.86) | 61 | 147 | 1.51 (0.91–2.50) | 58 | 150 | 0.97 (0.60–1.55) |
| Q2 | 36 | 158 | 0.74 (0.41–1.33) | 42 | 152 | 0.91 (0.52–1.62) | 45 | 149 | 0.81 (0.48–1.38) |
| Q1 (lowest) | 34 | 175 | 0.60 (0.31–1.16) | 67 | 142 | 1.41 (0.76–2.60) | 61 | 148 | 1.45 (0.65–2.04) |
| p trend | 0.05 | 0.68 | 0.74 | ||||||
1
Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, race, education, energy, lifetime alcohol intake.
a
Quartile cutoff point for dietary folate among cases (μg/day): 178.49, 252.32, 347.65.
b
Quartile cutoff point for dietary vitamin B2 among cases (mg/day): 1.16, 1.63, 2.18.
c
Quartile cutoff point for dietary vitamin B6 among cases (mg/day): 1.06, 1.46, 1.91.
d
Quartile cutoff point for dietary vitamin B12 among cases (μg/day): 2.15, 3.32, 5.10.
e
Quartile cutoff point for dietary methionine among cases (g/day): 0.86, 1.12, 1.45.