Fig. 1. TEM micrograph of TiO₂ nanoparticles obtained at the magnification of 200,000 ×. The morphological characteristics of TiO₂ nanoparticles are shown, which exhibit a wide range of size, with a few particles up to 100 nm. The particle shape was mostly spherical. Agglomerated TiO₂ nanoparticles were also found. TEM: Transmission electron microscopy.