Fig. 4. (A) Effect of betaine supplementation on ER stress marker in the brains of db/db mice. Protein levels of BiP and beta-actin were determined by immunoblotting analysis. (B) Effect of betaine supplementation on JNK activation in the brains of db/db mice. The protein levels of p-JNK and total JNK3 were determined by immunoblotting analysis. (C) Effect of betaine supplementation on tau hyperphosphorylation in the brains of db/db mice. The protein levels of dephosphorylated tau were determined by immunoblotting analysis.
