Table 1.
Induction of micronuclei (MN) in HL-60 cells and human normal lymphocytes treated with QDs and/or curcumin with/without UVA irradiation
| HL-60 cells | Human normal lymphocytes | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Concentration (μg/mL) | Frequency of MNs/1000BNCs | CBPI | Concentration (μg/mL) | Frequency of MNs/1000BNCs | CBPI |
| Control | 2.5 ± 0.7 | 1.63 | Control | 8.0 ± 3.0 | 1.39 |
| Control/UVA | 3.5 ± 0.7 | 1.50 | Control/UVA | 8.0 ± 1.0 | 1.31 |
| QD3 | 8.0 ± 1.4* | 1.58 | QD3 | 17.0 ± 2.0* | 1.32 |
| QD3/UVA | 12.5 ± 2.1* | 1.49 | QD3/UVA | 23.0 ± 6.0* | 1.26 |
| QD10 | 17.0 ± 7.0 | 1.58 | QD10 | 24.0 ± 6.0* | 1.21 |
| QD10/UVA | 19.5 ± 9.0 | 1.39 | QD10/UVA | 28.0 ± 4.0* | 1.17 |
| Cur1 | 12.0 ± 8.5 | 1.68 | Cur1 | 14.0 ± 6.0 | 1.31 |
| Cur1/UVA | 18.5 ± 7.8 | 1.44 | Cur1/UVA | 18.0 ± 4.0* | 1.26 |
| QD3/Cur1 | 19.5 ± 9.0 | 1.49 | QD3/Cur1 | 22.0 ± 4.0* | 1.31 |
| QD3/Cur1/UVA | 24.0 ± 8.0* | 1.38 | QD3/Cur1/UVA | 22.0 ± 4.0* | 1.30 |
| QD10/Cur1 | 31.5 ± 17.7 | 1.47 | QD10/Cur1 | 22.0 ± 6.0 | 1.30 |
| QD10/Cur1/UVA | 42.5 ± 9.2* | 1.42 | QD10/Cur1/UVA | 26.0 ± 7.0* | 1.24 |
Micronuclei induction was measured by cytokinesis block micronucleus assay. MN, micronuclei; BNCs, binucleated cells; CBPI, cytokinesisblock proliferation index. Values represent means ± standard deviation (S.D.). Data were analyzed statistically using Kruskal-Wallis tests and Mann-Whitney U-tests. * p<0.05 compared to the control.