Table 1.
Variables (unit) (a) | Average yearly incidence (95% CI, per 100,000 person-years) |
Univariate analysis |
Multivariate analysis |
||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Crude IRR (95% CI) | P-value | Adjusted IRR(b) (95% CI) | P-value | ||
Sheep (categorical, 1000 heads) |
|
|
|
|
|
< 0.03 |
0.23 (0.03 - 0.43) |
|
|
|
|
0.03 - |
1.00 (0.63 - 1.36) |
|
|
|
|
> 8 |
14.30 (9.76 - 18.84) |
|
|
|
|
Sheep (continuous, 100,000 heads) |
|
1.54 (1.48 - 1.60) |
< 0.001 |
1.42 (1.28 - 1.57) |
< 0.001 |
Goats (categorical, 1000 heads) |
|
|
|
|
|
< 0.3 |
0.95 (0.63 - 1.27) |
|
|
|
|
0.3 - |
3.56 (2.38 - 4.74) |
|
|
|
|
> 3 |
10.10 (5.87 - 14.33) |
|
|
|
|
Goats (continuous, 100,000 heads) |
|
1.41 (1.22 - 1.62) |
< 0.001 |
1.15 (1.01 - 1.32) |
0.033 |
Swine (categorical, 1000 heads) |
|
|
|
|
|
< 30 |
7.79 (3.91 - 11.67) |
|
|
|
|
30 - |
4.28 (2.96 - 5.59) |
|
|
|
|
> 150 |
1.95 (1.11 - 2.78) |
|
|
|
|
Swine (continuous, 100,000 heads) |
|
0.64 (0.48 - 0.87) |
0.004 |
0.80 (0.66 - 0.96) |
0.016 |
Cattle (categorical, 1000 heads) |
|
|
|
|
|
< 3 |
1.23 (0.77 - 1.70) |
|
|
|
|
3 - |
4.82 (2.86 - 6.78) |
|
|
|
|
> 30 |
8.49 (4.43 - 12.56) |
|
|
|
|
Cattle (continuous, 100,000 heads) |
|
1.44 (0.95 - 2.19) |
0.084 |
0.70 (0.44 - 1.11) |
0.126 |
Elevation (categorical, 1000 m) |
|
|
|
|
|
< 0.4 |
1.59 (0.90 - 2.28) |
1 |
- |
1 |
- |
0.4 - |
4.17 (2.17 - 6.18) |
2.97 (1.44 - 6.16) |
0.003 |
3.31 (1.93 - 5.68) |
< 0.001 |
0.8 - |
17.47 (10.25 - 24.68) |
10.12 (5.78 - 17.72) |
< 0.001 |
5.77 (3.68 - 9.05) |
< 0.001 |
> 1.6 |
0.78 (0.07 - 1.49) |
0.70 (0.12 - 4.23) |
0.701 |
0.44 (0.12 - 1.69) |
0.234 |
Croplands (categorical,%)§ |
|
|
|
|
|
< 20 |
7.26 (3.29 - 11.23) |
|
|
|
|
20 - |
3.97 (2.97 - 4.96 ) |
|
|
|
|
> 50 |
3.05 (1.85 - 4.25 ) |
|
|
|
|
Croplands (continuous, 10%) |
|
1.00 (0.99 - 1.00) |
0.758 |
|
|
Forests (categorical,%)§ |
|
|
|
|
|
< 5 |
7.75 (3.70 - 11.81) |
|
|
|
|
5 - |
5.46 (3.98 - 6.93) |
|
|
|
|
> 40 |
1.25 (0.75 - 1.76 ) |
|
|
|
|
Forests (continuous, 10%) |
|
1.00 (0.99 - 1.00) |
0.976 |
|
|
Grassland (categorical,%)§ |
|
|
|
|
|
< 2 |
0.28 (0.20 - 0.37 ) |
|
|
|
|
2 - |
2.09 (1.50 - 2.68 ) |
|
|
|
|
> 20 |
13.33 (8.66 - 18.01 ) |
|
|
|
|
Grassland (continuous, 10%) | 1.03 (1.01 - 1.04) | < 0.001 | 1.03 (1.01 - 1.04) | < 0.001 |
(a) For all continuous variables, we also report categorical results to allow inspection of the data and whether or not the assumption of continuous variables was justified.
(b) Adjusted IRR was corrected for over-dispersion in multivariate analysis. § The area percentage occupied by croplands, forests or grassland, respectively.