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. 2013 Aug 22;1(3):e00055. doi: 10.1002/phy2.55

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© 2013 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Physiological Society and The Physiological Society

Re-use of this article is permitted in accordance with the Creative Commons Deed, Attribution 2.5, which does not permit commercial exploitation.

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A qualitative description of ocular homeostatic responses to ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) lowering induced by IOP (intraocular pressure) elevation. Compensatory mechanisms that protect against OPP reduction involve two stages. Stage I: vascular reserve is driven by vasodilatation acting to sustain ocular blood flow (blood flow autoregulation). Stage II: retinal functional reserve results from increased oxygen extraction from residual blood flow. If OPP lowering is induced by IOP elevation an additional factor, IOP mechanical stress, also modifies retinal function. Adapted from our review article (He et al. 2011; open access, no permission required).