Table 4.
Percent of melanoma cases overexpressing the cytokines/growth factors evaluated by the intensity of immunohistochemical staining.
| Cytokines/Growth Factors | Primary Melanoma (n = 12) | Distant Metastasis (n = 19) | Fisher’s Exact Test P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| EGF | 12 (100%) | 14 (74%) | NS |
| PlGF | 6 (50%) | 7 (37%) | NS |
| GM-CSF | 4 (33%) | 2 (11%) | NS |
| IL-15 | 5 (42%) | 3 (16%) | NS |
| Osteopontin | 12 (100%) | 15 (79%) | NS |
| IL-1α | 8 (66%) | 15 (79%) | NS |
| IL-6 | 7 (58%) | 12 (63%) | NS |
| IGF-1 | 5 (42%) | 8 (42%) | NS |
| IL-5 | 7 (58%) | 14 (74%) | NS |
| VEGF-A | 2 (17%) | 4 (21%) | NS |
| IL-8 | 7 (58%) | 4 (21%) | NS |
| TGF-β | 11 (92%) | 3 (16%) | <0.001 |
| TNF-α | 2 (17%) | 8 (42%) | NS |
| FGF-Basic | 8 (67%) | 9 (47%) | NS |
| PDGF-AA | 1 (8%) | 8 (42%) | NS |