Table 3.
Risk Factors and Comorbid Conditions Associated With Resting Disease Status: Multivariable Regression Analyses
| Variable | Proximal (n=9502 Patients) | Distal (n=10 353 Patients) | Interaction between location and variable (n=10 407 Patients) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | P Value | OR (95% CI) | P Value | P Value | |
| Age* | 1.03 (0.99 to 1.07) | 0.179 | 1.46 (1.40 to 1.52) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Male sex | 0.81 (0.74 to 0.89) | <0.001 | 1.21 (1.10 to 1.32) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Obesity | 0.79 (0.72 to 0.87) | <0.001 | 0.86 (0.79 to 0.94) | 0.001 | 0.280 |
| Smoking | 2.97 (2.56 to 3.44) | <0.001 | 1.01 (0.91 to 1.13) | 0.811 | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 0.95 (0.85 to 1.06) | 0.334 | 1.75 (1.58 to 1.93) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 1.55 (1.39 to 1.74) | <0.001 | 1.16 (1.05 to 1.29) | 0.005 | <0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 1.33 (1.18 to 1.51) | <0.001 | 0.96 (0.86 to 1.07) | 0.420 | <0.001 |
| CHD | 1.54 (1.38 to 1.71) | <0.001 | 1.10 (1.00 to 1.22) | 0.052 | <0.001 |
| Heart failure | 0.97 (0.85 to 1.12) | 0.720 | 1.41 (1.25 to 1.60) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| CKD | 0.90 (0.75 to 1.08) | 0.250 | 1.05 (0.88 to 1.25) | 0.606 | 0.274 |
| CVD | 1.80 (1.63 to 1.98) | <0.001 | 1.23 (1.11 to 1.35) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| COPD | 1.48 (1.31 to 1.66) | <0.001 | 1.03 (0.91 to 1.16) | 0.632 | <0.001 |
| Lipid‐lowering medication use | 1.06 (0.95 to 1.18) | 0.297 | 0.78 (0.70 to 0.87) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Aspirin use | 1.00 (0.91 to 1.11) | 0.979 | 0.99 (0.90 to 1.08) | 0.781 | 0.996 |
| Critical limb ischemia | 2.25 (1.99 to 2.54) | <0.001 | 3.47 (3.13 to 3.85) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Proximal and distal results are reported from models within each region separately and reflect number of persons with specific regional results. Interaction results are reported from the model with all data together and required data from either or both regions.(ie, those with at least one Doppler assessment). People missing proximal results (n=905) were excluded only from the proximal region analysis, people missing distal results (n=54) were excluded only from the distal region analysis. Patients with postexercise proximal disease in either leg (n=2324) were excluded from this analysis. No disease was the reference group. CHD indicates coronary heart disease; CI, confidence interval; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVD, cerebrovascular disease; OR, odds ratio.
Per 10‐year increase.