Table 2.
Baseline Risk Factors by Lp‐PLA2 Activity Categories
| Lp‐PLA2 Activity ≤229 nmol/min per milliliter | Lp‐PLA2 Activity 229 to 261 nmol/min per milliliter | Lp‐PLA2 Activity 261 to 294 nmol/min per milliliter | Lp‐PLA2 Activity >294 nmol/min per milliliter | P Value Trend* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 1962 | 1965 | 1966 | ||
| Lp‐PLA2 activity, mean (SD), nmol/min per milliliter | 199.4 (25.4) | 245.8 (9.1) | 276.8 (9.4) | 326.0 (29.5) | |
| Age at randomization, median (IQR), y | 63.0 (56.0 to 68.0) | 63.0 (56.0 to 68.0) | 62.0 (55.0 to 67.0) | 62.0 (55.0 to 67.0) | <0.01 |
| Age ≥65 y, No. (%) | 798 (41) | 819 (42) | 733 (37) | 759 (39) | 0.06 |
| Female, No. (%) | 658 (33) | 364 (19) | 195 (10) | 116 (6) | <0.001 |
| Allocated pravastatin, No. (%) | 990 (50) | 996 (51) | 981 (50) | 974 (50) | 0.57 |
| Baseline health | |||||
| Months from QE, median (IQR) | 13.4 (7.5 to 24.9) | 13.5 (7.6 to 24.6) | 14.3 (8.0 to 25.2) | 14.5 (8.3 to 25.3) | 0.05 |
| Current smoker, No. (%) | 156 (8) | 181 (9) | 183 (9) | 215 (11) | <0.01 |
| Hypertension, No. (%) | 877 (45) | 818 (42) | 801 (41) | 795 (40) | <0.01 |
| Diabetes mellitus, No. (%) | 201 (10) | 167 (9) | 152 (8) | 156 (8) | <0.01 |
| Obese, No. (%) | 357 (18) | 354 (18) | 340 (17) | 346 (18) | 0.56 |
| Previous stroke, No. (%) | 83 (4) | 74 (4) | 78 (4) | 87 (4) | 0.68 |
| Atrial fibrillation, No. (%) | 21 (1) | 20 (1) | 30 (2) | 39 (2) | <0.01 |
| Systolic BP, mean (SD), mm Hg | 135 (19) | 135 (19) | 134 (19) | 134 (20) | 0.11 |
| Diastolic BP, mean (SD), mm Hg | 80 (11) | 81 (11) | 81 (11) | 81 (11) | 0.32 |
| Dyspnea, No. (%) NYHA Class >1, No. (%) | 205 (10) | 171 (9) | 163 (8) | 222 (11) | 0.40 |
| Angina CCS Grade >0, No. (%) | 727 (37) | 681 (35) | 711 (36) | 808 (41) | <0.01 |
| Baseline lipids | |||||
| Total cholesterol, mean (SD), mmol/L | 5.5 (0.9) | 5.6 (0.8) | 5.7 (0.8) | 5.8 (0.8) | <0.001 |
| LDL‐C, mean (SD) | 3.6 (0.7) | 3.9 (0.7) | 4.0 (0.7) | 4.1 (0.7) | <0.001 |
| HDL‐C, mean (SD) | 1.1 (0.3) | 1.0 (0.2) | 0.9 (0.2) | 0.8 (0.2) | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides, median (IQR) | 1.4 (1.1 to 2.0) | 1.5 (1.1 to 2.1) | 1.6 (1.2 to 2.2) | 1.7 (1.3 to 2.3) | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol:HDL‐C, mean (SD) | 5.3 (1.4) | 6.0 (1.3) | 6.4 (1.3) | 7.1 (1.5) | <0.001 |
| Previous coronary revascularization | |||||
| No revascularization, No. (%) | 1197 (61) | 1145 (58) | 1145 (58) | 1123 (57) | <0.001 |
| PCI only, No. (%) | 259 (13) | 221 (11) | 230 (12) | 160 (8) | — |
| CABG only, No. (%) | 453 (23) | 531 (27) | 532 (27) | 625 (32) | — |
| PCI and CABG, No. (%) | 61 (3) | 65 (3) | 58 (3) | 58 (3) | — |
| Qualifying Event | |||||
| No MI, No. (%) | 762 (39) | 703 (36) | 687 (35) | 691 (35) | <0.001 |
| Single MI, No. (%) | 1025 (52) | 1042 (53) | 1047 (53) | 1001 (51) | — |
| Multiple MI, No. (%) | 183 (9) | 217 (11) | 231 (12) | 274 (14) | — |
| Medications | |||||
| Aspirin, No. (%) | 1611 (82) | 1631 (83) | 1666 (85) | 1593 (81) | 0.78 |
| ACE inhibitors, No. (%) | 310 (16) | 297 (15) | 297 (15) | 350 (18) | 0.08 |
| β‐Blocker, No. (%) | 928 (47) | 896 (46) | 961 (49) | 906 (46) | 0.92 |
| Calcium antagonist, No. (%) | 701 (36) | 664 (34) | 636 (32) | 687 (35) | 0.52 |
| LIPID risk score,10 mean (SD) | 4.9 (3.4) | 5.7 (3.4) | 6.0 (3.4) | 6.7 (3.5) | <0.001 |
| Baseline biomarker levels | |||||
| eGFR, median (IQR), mL/min | 70 (60 to 81) | 70 (61 to 80) | 70 (61 to 80) | 69 (59 to 80) | <0.001 |
| WBC, median (IQR), ×109 | 6.9 (5.9 to 8.1) | 6.9 (5.9 to 8.1) | 7.1 (6.0 to 8.2) | 7.2 (6.1 to 8.5) | <0.001 |
| BNP, median (IQR), pg/mL | 23.9 (10.0 to 51.9) | 23.3 (9.7 to 50.1) | 23.1 (10.0 to 49.2) | 23.6 (9.6 to 52.1) | 0.03 |
| Troponin I, median (IQR), ng/mL | 0.011 (0.006 to 0.021) | 0.010 (0.006 to 0.019) | 0.010 (0.006 to 0.021) | 0.011 (0.006 to 0.021) | 0.55 |
| CRP, median (IQR), mg/L | 2.5 (1.2 to 5.0) | 2.4 (1.2 to 4.9) | 2.4 (1.2 to 4.6) | 2.5 (1.3 to 4.8) | 0.15 |
| Cystatin C, median (IQR), mg/L | 0.78 (0.70 to 0.89) | 0.80 (0.72 to 0.91) | 0.81 (0.73 to 0.93) | 0.85 (0.75 to 0.97) | <0.001 |
| D‐dimer, median (IQR), ng/L | 168 (109 to 266) | 167 (109 to 270) | 174 (112 to 276) | 183 (117 to 278) | 0.63 |
| LP(a), median (IQR), mg/L | 13.5 (6.4 to 39.6) | 13.7 (6.5 to 43.8) | 14.3 (6.7 to 46.3) | 14.1 (6.8 to 46.7) | <0.01 |
| Mid regional proadrenomedullin, median (IQR), nmol/L | 0.47 (0.37 to 0.57) | 0.47 (0.38 to 0.58) | 0.48 (0.39 to 0.57) | 0.48 (0.39 to 0.59) | 0.02 |
No. (%) is presented unless otherwise stated. BNP indicates brain natriuretic peptide; BP, blood pressure; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft surgery; CCS, Canadian Cardiovascular Society; CRP, C‐reactive protein; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL‐C, HDL cholesterol; IQR, interquartile range; LDL‐C, LDL lipoprotein cholesterol; LIPID, Long‐term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease; LP, lipoprotein; Lp‐PLA2, lipoprotein‐associated phospholipase A2; MI, myocardial infarction, NYHA, New York Heart Association; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; WBC, white blood cell count.
*
P‐values for trend for continuous variables are from generalized linear models and, for categorical variables, are from an ordinal or logistic regression.