Table 1.
Sample characteristics
| |
(1) Analytical sample (N = 17,579) |
(2) Sub-sample linked to mother’s childhood location (N = 9,883) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
|
Daughter characteristics
|
|
|
|
|
| Age |
12.65 |
3.04 |
12.69 |
3.04 |
| Circumcised |
0.49 |
0.50 |
0.51 |
0.50 |
| Age at circumcision if circumcised |
9.25 |
7.51 |
9.30 |
7.63 |
| First born |
0.24 |
0.43 |
0.24 |
0.43 |
| Second born |
0.23 |
0.42 |
0.23 |
0.42 |
| Third born |
0.19 |
0.39 |
0.18 |
0.39 |
| Fourth born & higher |
0.33 |
0.47 |
0.35 |
0.48 |
|
Mother characteristics
|
|
|
|
|
| Year of birth |
1968 |
5.57 |
1968 |
5.58 |
| Circumcised |
0.96 |
0.19 |
0.98 |
0.14 |
| Age at first marriage |
18.67 |
3.93 |
18.50 |
3.87 |
| Age difference with husband |
12.45 |
7.18 |
12.39 |
7.07 |
| Number of Children |
4.95 |
2.10 |
5.02 |
2.12 |
| Muslim |
0.95 |
0.22 |
0.95 |
0.21 |
|
Household characteristics
|
|
|
|
|
| Household size: 2 to 4 |
0.08 |
0.27 |
0.07 |
0.26 |
| Household size: 5 to 7 |
0.62 |
0.49 |
0.62 |
0.49 |
| Household size: 8 to 10 |
0.22 |
0.41 |
0.22 |
0.42 |
| Household size: 11+ |
0.09 |
0.29 |
0.09 |
0.29 |
|
Geographic location
|
|
|
|
|
| Urban |
0.39 |
0.49 |
0.32 |
0.47 |
| Urban governorates |
0.15 |
0.35 |
0.12 |
0.32 |
| Lower Egypt urban |
0.09 |
0.28 |
0.09 |
0.28 |
| Lower Egypt rural |
0.23 |
0.42 |
0.27 |
0.45 |
| Upper Egypt urban |
0.13 |
0.33 |
0.11 |
0.32 |
| Upper Egypt rural |
0.35 |
0.48 |
0.41 |
0.49 |
| Frontier governorates |
0.06 |
0.23 |
0.00 |
|
|
Socioeconomic Status
|
|
|
|
|
| Wealth quintile 1 |
0.26 |
0.44 |
0.28 |
0.45 |
| Wealth quintile 2 |
0.20 |
0.40 |
0.22 |
0.42 |
| Wealth quintile 3 |
0.19 |
0.39 |
0.19 |
0.39 |
| Wealth quintile 4 |
0.17 |
0.38 |
0.16 |
0.36 |
| Wealth quintile 5 |
0.18 |
0.38 |
0.15 |
0.36 |
| Mother works |
0.23 |
0.42 |
0.23 |
0.42 |
| Mother less than primary |
0.57 |
0.50 |
0.59 |
0.49 |
| Mother completed primary |
0.13 |
0.33 |
0.12 |
0.33 |
| Mother completed secondary or more |
0.30 |
0.46 |
0.29 |
0.45 |
| Father less than primary |
0.44 |
0.50 |
0.47 |
0.50 |
| Father completed primary |
0.16 |
0.37 |
0.16 |
0.37 |
| Father completed secondary or more |
0.40 |
0.49 |
0.37 |
0.48 |
|
Anti-FGC Messaging
|
|
|
|
|
| Exposed to 1 or more messages |
0.77 |
0.42 |
0.76 |
0.43 |
|
Empowerment Indexes
|
|
|
|
|
| PCA of household decisions [Rng −3.5–1.3] |
0.06 |
1.44 |
0.08 |
1.42 |
| PCA of Anti-domestic violence [Rng −1.8–3.0] |
0.05 |
1.76 |
0.09 |
1.77 |
| Observations from 2005 Wave |
9784 |
|
4503 |
|
| Observations from 2008 Wave | 7795 | 5380 | ||