Proposed model for Tbx6 regulation of cardiac and neural differentiation programs. DMSO-induced increases in Tbx6 abundance are necessary for P19CL6 cells to differentiate into cardiac myocytes. However, Tbx6 alone is not sufficient for this process (dashed arrow). This implies the existence of Tbx6-independent actions of DMSO that are also necessary, but not sufficient, for cardiac myocyte differentiation. In contrast, RA-stimulated decreases in Tbx6 levels are necessary, but not sufficient, for P19CL6 cells to differentiate into neurons and glia. This suggests Tbx6-independent actions of RA that are also necessary, but not sufficient, for neural differentiation. In this model, Tbx6 functions as a molecular switch that regulates fate decisions of a single progenitor cell. Arrows or flat-ended lines represent activation/increased abundance or inhibition/decreased abundance, respectively.