Table 1. Clinical and demographic characteristics stratified by race and diabetes case status.
| White | African American | |||||
| Characteristics | Diabetes | Non-Cases | p | Diabetes | Non-Cases | P |
| Number | 980 | 9,657 | 728 | 3,009 | ||
| Age, years | 56.2 (5.6)a | 54.2 (5.7)a | <1.0×10−6 | 55.3 (5.7)a | 53.2 (5.8)a | <1.0×10−6 |
| Glucose, mmol/L | 9.7(3.9)a | 5.5 (0.5)a | <1.0×10−6 | 11.1 (5.0)a,g | 5.5 (0.6)a | <1.0×10−6 |
| Insulin, pmol/L | 225.2 (438.3)a,b | 72.9 (54.7)a | <1.0×10−6 | 339.3 (631.6)a,h | 94.6 (69.9)a | <1.0×10−6 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 72.9 (11.0)a,b | 71.3 (10.0)a,d | 3.08×10−6 | 78.5 (11.9)a | 80.1 (12.3)a,b | 1.35×10−3 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 127.0 (18.4)a,b | 117.7 (16.7)a,e | <1.0×10−6 | 133.7 (22.6)a | 127.5 (20.6)a,b | <1.0×10−6 |
| HDL, mmol/L | 1.06 (0.35)a,c | 1.33 (0.43)a,f | <1.0×10−6 | 1.27 (0.38)a,i | 1.46 (0.46)a,k | <1.0×10−6 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 2.40 (1.78)a,c | 1.47 (0.89)a,f | <1.0×10−6 | 1.72 (1.30)a,j | 1.19 (0.77)a,k | <1.0×10−6 |
| Male | 524 (53.5)l | 4,521 (46.8)l | 7.05×10−5 * | 260 (35.7)l | 1,169 (38.8)l | 1.18×10−1 * |
| BMI ≥30 kg/m2 | 462 (47.1)l | 1,960 (20.3)l | <1.0×10−6 * | 420 (57.7)l | 1,081 (35.9)l | <1.0×10−6 * |
| BMI ≥25 kg/m2 | 829 (84.6)l | 5,841 (60.5)l | <1.0×10−6 * | 652 (89.6)l | 2,265 (75.3)l | <1.0×10−6 * |
| Family history diabetes | 487 (49.7)l | 2,709 (28.0)l | <1.0×10−6 * | 432 (59.3)l | 1.310 (43.5)l | <1.0×10−6 * |
p, p-value, significance of difference between group means determined by t-test; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure; HDL, high density lipoprotein; BMI, body mass index;
a
mean and standard deviation;
b
missing values (n = 1);
c
missing values (n = 2);
d
missing values (n = 5);
e
missing values (n = 4);
f
missing values (n = 12);
g
missing values (n = 15);
h
missing values (n = 16);
i
missing values (n = 21);
j
missing values (n = 20);
k
missing values (n = 55);
l
number and percentage;
*
p-value Pearson’s chi-squared test.