Table 1. Sociodemographic Characteristics, Sexual Behavior Characteristics, HIV, and Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection Characteristics of 1262 Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study Participants Evaluated for HPV DNA using Anal Swab Specimens.
| HIV Seropositive | HIV Seronegative | Total | |
| (N = 579) | (N = 683) | (N = 1262) | |
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
| Characteristic | |||
| Age (years) | |||
| <30 | 4 (01) | 9 (01) | 13 (01) |
| 30–39 | 31 (05) | 34 (05) | 65 (05) |
| 40–49 | 154 (27) | 108 (16) | 262 (21) |
| 50–59 | 280 (48) | 277 (41) | 557 (44) |
| 60–69 | 101 (17) | 203 (30) | 304 (24) |
| 70–80 | 9 (02) | 48 (07) | 57 (05) |
| >80 | 0 (00) | 4 (01) | 4 (<1) |
| Race a | |||
| Black/African American | 148 (25.6) | 70 (10.3) | 218 (17.3) |
| Caucasian/White | 405 (70.0) | 588 (86.1) | 993 (78.7) |
| Asian | 3 (<1.0) | 7 (01.0) | 10 (<1.0) |
| Other | 23 (04.0) | 18 (02.6) | 41 (03.3) |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Hispanicb | 56 (09.7) | 44 (06.4) | 100 (07.9) |
| Smoking | |||
| Ever Smoked MACS Visit 1 to 24 months before HPV testing | |||
| Yes | 427 (73.8) | 486 (71.2) | 913 (72.4) |
| No | 152 (26.2) | 197 (28.8) | 349 (27.6) |
| Ever Smoked within last 24 months before HPV testing c | |||
| Yes | 189 (32.6) | 123 (18.0) | 312 (24.7) |
| No | 390 (67.4) | 560 (82.0) | 950 (75.3) |
| AIDS Defining Illnessesd | |||
| None | 486 (83.9) | – | – |
| Kaposi’s Sarcoma | 17 (02.9) | – | – |
| Pneumocystis Pneumonia | 26 (04.5) | – | – |
| Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma | 1 (00.2) | – | – |
| Wasting Syndrome | 15 (02.6) | – | – |
| HPV-DNA Prevalence | |||
| None | 54 (09.3) | 203 (29.7) | 257 (20.4) |
| ≥1 HPV Type | 525 (90.7) | 480 (70.3) | 1005 (79.6) |
| IARC HPV Carcinogenicity Classification | |||
| Group 1, strong carcinogens | 396 (68) | 306 (45) | 702 (56) |
| Group 2, weaker carcinogens | 255 (44) | 186 (27) | 441 (35) |
| Lower Risk | 445 (77) | 322 (47) | 767 (61) |
| HPV 16 or 18 | 180 (31.1) | 139 (20.4) | 319 (25.3) |
| HPV 16 | 133 (23.0) | 109 (15.9) | 242 (19.2) |
| HPV 18 | 69 (11.9) | 40 (05.9) | 109 (08.6) |
a
p<0.001, b p = 0.037, c p<0.001, dcategories are not mutually exclusive, e p = 0.062; f p = 0.138 g p<0.001. P-values for comparing HIV+ vs. HIV- were by the Fisher exact test or the Wilcoxon nonparametric test, as appropriate.