Effects of DEX on metabolic parameters. (A) Saline (Sal) or DEX (at 0.1 or 0.5 mg/kg) was injected in naïve rats at the time indicated by arrows (lights on from 7 am to 7 pm). Food was removed after the injection. Changes in RER (VCO2/VO2) are shown. *, P < .05 vs Sal-injected rats, after two-way repeated measures ANOVA. No difference in EE or locomotor activity was found between treatments (data not shown); n = 5–6 rats/group. (B) Effects of DEX on RER in SAP and DSAP rats. Sal or DEX (0.5 mg/kg) was injected in PVH SAP and DSAP rats at the time as indicated by arrows. Food was removed after the injection. Changes of RER (VCO2/VO2), minus baseline (averages of 3 h before the injection), are shown. *, P < .05, DEX vs Sal in SAP rats; # P < .05, DEX vs Sal in DSAP rats, after two-way repeated measures ANOVA. No difference on EE or locomotor activity was found between treatments (data not shown); n = 6–8 rats/group.