Fig. 1.
The effect of treadmill exercise on spatial learning memory. (Upper) The time for eight successful performances. (Middle) The number of correct choices made before the first error. (Lower) The number of errors made before eight successful performances. (A) Control group, (B) control and exercise group, (C) PTSD-induced group, (D) PTSD-induced and exercise group. The data are represented as the mean± standard error of the mean (SEM). *Represents P< 0.05 compared to the control group. #Represents P< 0.05 compared to the PTSD-induced group.