Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2013 Nov 6;2013:592892. doi: 10.1155/2013/592892

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2013 T. A. Wyatt et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

PMC Copyright notice

Proposed model of ADMA action on alcohol-stimulated cilia beating. Alcohol (EtOH) rapidly and transiently stimulates cilia beat frequency (CBF) by both activating the alcohol-sensitive adenylyl cyclase isoform 7 (AC) and increasing the phosphorylation of heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) leading to the increased binding of hsp90 and the activation of nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Nitric oxide (NO^•) activates soluble guanylyl cyclase (GC) leading to a cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) activation required for alcohol-induced activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) functions to negatively regulate alcohol stimulation of eNOS, except under the conditions of elevated dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) whereby ADMA is converted to L-citrulline (L-cit).