Table 1.
Summary of methods used to analyze antiretrovirals in biofluids and tissues†.
| Fluid type | Total number of methods |
HPLC–UV (n) |
HPLC–MS (n) | HPLC–MS/MS (n) |
All ligand binding‡ (n) |
Other assay (n) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amniotic fluid | 33 | 24 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 1§ |
| Breast milk | 19 | 9 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 0 |
| Cervicovaginal fluid | 13 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 1¶ |
| CSF and ECF | 85 | 50 | 6 | 18 | 9 | 3# |
| Saliva | 15 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 1 |
| Male seminal plasma/semen | 45 | 21 | 1 | 18 | 1 | 4# |
| Total | 210 | 114 | 14 | 54 | 16 | 10 |
| Tissue type |
Total number
of methods |
HPLC–UV
(n) |
HPLC–MS
(n) |
HPLC–MS/MS
(n) |
Radioimmunoassay
(n) |
Other assay
(n) |
| Fetal | 15 | 9 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 1§ |
| Hair | 6 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
| Placenta | 12 | 7 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 |
| Internal | 38 | 24 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 3†† |
| Total | 71 | 42 | 8 | 12 | 5 | 4 |
†
For specific references see Supplementary Table 1.
‡
Includes all ligand-binding assays (e.g., radioimmunoassay and enzyme immunoassay).
§
Capillary electrophoresis–UV.
¶
UPLC–MS/MS.
#
HPLC–fluorescence detection, UPLC–MS.
††
UPLC evaporative light scattering, fluorescence microscopy, UPLC–MS.
CSF: Cerebrospinal fluid; ECF: Extracellular cerebral fluid.