Figure 2. Bacterial amyloids are utilized in multiple environments.

A) E. coli UPEC (UTI89) rugose biofilms form a complex spreading and wrinkling pattern that is dependent on the biofilm regulator CsgD. csgD mutant colonies do not spread or wrinkle. B) Curli are utilized by E. coli for increased adherence to lettuce roots and spinach leaves. Bacillus subtilis amyloid fiber proteins and biofilm formation are induced in the presence of tomato plant root exudate.