Table 2. Selected descriptive statistics for all adolescent predictors by quintiles of ND at age 42.
| Variables at age 16 | Category and estimate shown | ND quintiles at age 42 | P value | ||||
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | |||
| Neighborhood conditions | |||||||
| Neighborhood disadvantage | Quintile 1 (row %) | 34.0 | 20.9 | 20.4 | 9.4 | 15.2 | <.001a |
| Quintile 2 (row %) | 24.4 | 24.4 | 22.3 | 16.2 | 12.7 | ||
| Quintile 3 (row %) | 17.9 | 25.0 | 17.9 | 21.7 | 17.4 | ||
| Quintile 4 (row %) | 9.8 | 16.7 | 20.1 | 30.9 | 22.5 | ||
| Quintile 5 (row %) | 11.3 | 18.5 | 17.4 | 21.0 | 31.8 | ||
| Family conditions | |||||||
| Socioeconomic disadvantage | Manual worker parents (%) | 22.9 | 35.0 | 36.9 | 40.2 | 53.6 | <.001b |
| Cumulative adversity | Two or more adversities (%) | 31.4 | 27.1 | 33.0 | 36.6. | 49.2 | <.001c |
| School adjustment | |||||||
| Final school marks, decentiles | M(SD) | 6.6(2.7) | 5.6(2.8) | 6.1(2.9) | 5.2(2.8) | 4.0(2.6) | <.001c |
| Peer problems | M(SD) | 3.0(2.0) | 3.5(2.2) | 3.2(2.2) | 3.7(2.2) | 4.4(2.3) | <.001c |
| Health behaviors | |||||||
| Alcohol consumption | Quintile 5 (%) | 12.8 | 23.2 | 18.6 | 21.6 | 22.3 | .046b |
| Smoking | Daily smoking (%) | 19.7 | 25.7 | 24.5 | 24.7 | 37.0 | <.001b |
| Physical activity | Daily physical activity (%) | 13.3 | 7.9 | 10.7 | 8.2 | 6.2 | <.001c |
| TV viewing | Several shows/day (%) | 26.1 | 26.1 | 23.9 | 38.7 | 29.1 | .064b |
| Sugar consumption | Several times a day (%) | 2.7 | 3.5 | 2.1 | 3.1 | 4.7 | .044b |
| Health | |||||||
| Internalizing symptoms | M(SD) | 1.1(1.4) | 1(1.1) | 1.3(1.6) | 1.1(1.5) | 1.2(1.3) | .360c |
| Behavioral symptoms | M(SD) | 1.7(1.3) | 2.1(1.4) | 1.9(1.5) | 2(1.5) | 2.3(1.6) | <.001c |
| Functional somatic symptoms | M(SD) | 3.3(2.5) | 3.1(2.4) | 3.5(2.4) | 3.3(2.6) | 3.5(2.7) | .398c |
| BMI | M(SD) | 19.8(2.5) | 19.8(2.5) | 20.1(2.9) | 20(2.8) | 20.1(2.9) | .413c |
| Systolic BP | M(SD) | 122.8(12.8) | 121.7(13.4) | 120.6(13.4) | 121.9(13.5) | 120.9(12.9) | .277c |
| Diastolic BP | M(SD) | 68.8(10.3) | 68.9(10.2) | 69.3(11.4) | 68.2(11.7) | 69.8(12.1) | .739c |
Note that for ordinal variables except quintiles of ND at age 16, descriptives are shown only for a single (collapsed) category, as indicated in the table. Bivariate associations were however estimated using the full range of each variable.
a
p value from χ2.
b
p value from Mantel-Haenszel test.
c
p value from Spearman's ρ.