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. 2013 Nov 21;19(43):7594–7602. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i43.7594

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Protective role of sirtuin 1 during ischemia. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activates adenosine monophosphate protein kinase (AMPK) as a cell response to counteract the energy deficiency. SIRT1 upregulates hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF2α) and downregulates HIF1α to increase their transcriptional activity. SIRT1 upregulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator, leading to enhancement of anti-oxidant capacity of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2). PGC1α: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator.