Table 3.

Results from tests of mediation of associations between neighborhood poverty (antecedent) and CBR (outcome) by observed and perceived neighborhood characteristics, and tests of mediation of associations between observed neighborhood characteristics and CBR by perceived neighborhood characteristics^*

Antecedent	Outcome	Mediator	A	A’	A-A'/sigma(A-A')	pvalue
		Observed Neighborhood Characteristics
		Physical deterioration	−0.962	−0.721	−4.698	<0.001
		Disorder	−0.962	−0.814	−3.997	<0.001
		Neighborhood characteristics	−0.962	−0.733	−4.593	<0.001
		Perceived neighborhood characteristics
		Physical environment	−0.962	−0.800	−4.188	<0.001
% poverty	CBR	Social environment	−0.962	−0.716	−4.856	<0.001
		Neighborhood Environment (Combo)	−0.962	−0.689	−5.039	<0.001
		Observed+Perceived Neighborhood Characteristics
		Physical deterioration+ Physical environment	−0.962	−0.540	−5.955	<0.001
		Physical disorder + Social environment	−0.962	−0.577	−5.762	<0.001
		Neighborhood characteristics+Neighborhood environment	−0.962	−0.533	−4.962	<0.001
		Perceived neighborhood Characteristics
Physical deterioration	CBR	Neighborhood physical environment	−0.721	−0.540	0.732	0.768
Disorder	CBR	Neighborhood social environment	−0.814	−0.577	−0.027	0.489
Neighborhood characteristics	CBR	Neighborhood environment (Combo)	−0.733	−0.533	0.290	0.614

^*Tests were conducted using Freeman and Schattzkin tests for mediation, difference in association between the antecedent and outcome without the mediator in the model (A) and with the mediator included in the model (A’): A-A'/sigma(A-A').