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. 2013 Nov 22;7:210. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2013.00210

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Copyright © 2013 Münster-Wandowski, Gómez-Lira and Gutiérrez.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Mossy fiber activation evokes spikelets in some pyramidal cells (5–7%) of CA3. (A1) Spikelets are evoked in an all-or-none fashion at resting membrane potential in the presence of glutamate, GABAA and ACh-M1 receptor antagonists. When stimulation is given at a depolarized membrane potential (displaced trace in A1 and expanded trace in A2, the cell fires an action potential, which is preceded by a notch (arrow) corresponding to an underlying spikelet. By contrast, hyperpolarization of the membrane potential by ± 15 mV suppresses the spikelet B1,2). The non-selective gap junction blocker, carbenoxolone (CBX) blocked the spikelet, whereas dopamine (DA) potentiated the spikelet (C1,2). If electrical spikelets appear in the MF synapse, a mixed electrical-chemical transmission is expected. This is shown in (D). Increasing stimulation intensities enhanced the chemical component of the synaptic response, whereas the spikelet was evoked upon reaching threshold intensity and not further modified by increasing the stimulus intensity. (E) Input–output curve of the chemical (EPSP) and electrical (spikelet) synaptic components. Note that the spikelet is evoked in an all-or-none fashion. (F) Plot of the behavior of the EPSP (area under the curve; left y-axis) and spikelet (amplitude; right y-axis) at 0.01 and 1 Hz and during the perfusion of DCG-IV. APth, action potential threshold.