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. 2013 Nov 22;3:3311. doi: 10.1038/srep03311

Figure 1. Study Design and Exploratory Stage I Results.

Figure 1

The investigation was carried out in two stages, (a), where in Stage I ProtoArrays were used to identify a high priority set of 35 candidate biomarkers, 25 of which were successfully spotted onto customized arrays for the Stage II focused validation part of the investigation. Stage II identified 3 biomarker candidates, AKT3, ARL8B and FCGR3A, which were also detected using ELISA assays. The 35 candidate biomarkers from Stage I showed distinct higher reactivity in MDS patients compared to the healthy cohort, (b), with higher standardized intensities indicated in yellow, low in blue/turquoise, and validated proteins from Stage II marked in red. (c) The binary statistical comparisons between patient subgroups and healthy cohort resulted in different sets of autoantibodies specific to their respective classification. The Venn diagram indicates the overlap between these comparisons, with more candidate biomarkers specific to s-MDS patients than in other subgroups. (d) Various associations, including cancer were discovered using Ingenuity Pathways and Network Analysis (Ingenuity® Systems, http://www.ingenuity.com).