Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of REGARDS participants, by categories of albumin to creatinine ratio and race in those with CHD at baseline.†
| Whites (n= 3,236) | Blacks (n= 1,698) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| ACR (mg/g) categories | < 10 n=1697 |
10 – 29.99 n=892 |
30 – 300 n=516 |
> 300 n=131 |
< 10 n=797 |
10 – 29.99 n=418 |
30 – 300 n=343 |
> 300 n=140 |
| Age, M, (SD) | 68.0(8.6) | 71.1(8.9) | 71.3(8.8) | 69.7(8.7) | 65.6(8.6) | 66.6(9.2) | 68.8(9.2) | 66.6(8.7) |
| Female, N(%) | 520(30.6) | 340(38.1) | 142(27.5) | 28(21.4) | 428(53.7) | 219(52.4) | 174(50.7) | 62(44.3) |
| Education < HS, N(%) | 162(9.6) | 108(12.1) | 80(15.5) | 21(16.2) | 186(23.4) | 113(27.0) | 109(31.8) | 37(26.4) |
| Income < $20,000/yr, N(%) | 222(13.1) | 169(19.0) | 105(20.4) | 30(22.9) | 235(29.5) | 136(32.5) | 119(34.7) | 55(39.3) |
| Health Insurance, N(%) | 1653(97.5) | 867(97.2) | 505(97.9) | 129(99.2) | 743(93.2) | 388(92.8) | 324(94.5) | 131(94.2) |
| BMI (kg/m2), M, (SD) | 28.5(5.2) | 28.4(5.3) | 29.2(6.0) | 29.6(6.6) | 30.5(6.4) | 31.3(7.6) | 31.1(6.2) | 30.8(6.5) |
| Waist circumference (cm), M, (SD) | 97.9(14.2) | 98.4(16.7) | 101.8(16.1) | 102.9(16.2) | 98.5(14.5) | 101.0(15.7) | 102.3(16.0) | 103.5(17.3) |
| SBP (mmHg), M, (SD) | 124.9(15.0) | 130.2(17.2) | 132.5(18.4) | 136.9(18.2) | 129.2(16.1) | 133.4(17.3) | 138.3(20.0) | 144.0(19.4) |
| DBP (mmHg), M, (SD) | 73.6(9.1) | 74.4(9.3) | 75.1(10.0) | 77.0(10.7) | 77.2(10.0) | 77.9(10.4) | 79.3 (11.4) | 80.8(12.7) |
| Lifestyle Habits | ||||||||
| Current smoker, N(%) | 189 (11.2) | 129(14.5) | 87(16.9) | 35(26.7) | 152(19.2) | 80(19.3) | 70(20.5) | 27(19.3) |
| Exercise (none), N(%) | 528(31.5) | 333(37.8) | 213(42.3) | 56(43.4) | 293(37.3) | 191(46.3) | 143(42.7) | 84(60.9) |
| Co-morbidities | ||||||||
| Diabetes, N(%) | 306(18.5) | 267(31.1) | 223(44.0) | 76(59.8) | 233(30.4) | 178(43.5) | 186(56.9) | 96(69.1) |
| Hypertension, N(%) | 1004(59.5) | 661(74.2) | 393(76.3) | 110(85.3) | 620(77.9) | 348(83.3) | 308(90.1) | 129(92.1) |
| Dyslipidemia, N(%) | 1346(80.6) | 687(78.9) | 411(81.4) | 111(87.4) | 539(69.6) | 301(73.8) | 225(70.3) | 105(77.2) |
| Medication use | ||||||||
| HMG CoA reductase inhibitors, N(%) | 1029(61.1) | 545(61.7) | 306(59.9) | 83(63.4) | 417(52.7) | 228(55.6) | 172(50.6) | 81(57.9) |
| Anti-hypertensives, N(%) | 920(55.2) | 594(67.0) | 360(70.7) | 102(78.5) | 578(73.5) | 331(80.3) | 279(82.8) | 122(87.8) |
| ARB/ACEi, N(%) | 805(47.4) | 478(53.6) | 288(55.8) | 76(58.0) | 433(54.3) | 230(55.0) | 205(60.4) | 98(70.0) |
| Aspirin, N(%) | 1264(74.5) | 651(73.0) | 366(70.9) | 97(74.6) | 497(62.4) | 271(64.8) | 218(63.6) | 87(62.1) |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2), median, [IQR] | 82.2 [69.0–91.9] | 78.1 [62.4–89.8] | 69.8 [53.4–86.1] | 61.0 [36.4–81.6] | 87.2 [70.3–102.8] | 86.8 [69.8–104.6] | 77.8 [60.6–98.1] | 51.5 [32.7–76.9] |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L), median, [IQR] | 1.6 [0.8–3.8] | 1.9 [0.9–4.6] | 2.9 [1.3–6.8] | 3.6 [1.5–8.5] | 2.8 [1.1–6.3] | 3.3 [1.4–7.4] | 3.4 [1.3–8.8] | 3.9 [1.8–9.7] |
Abbreviations: CHD – coronary heart disease, SBP – systolic blood pressure, DBP—diastolic blood pressure, HMG CoA—hydroxymethyl glutamate Coenzyme A, eGFR—estimated glomerular filtration rate, ARB/ACEi – angiotensin II receptor blockers or angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, ACR—urinary albumin to creatinine ratio
†
Baseline CHD is defined as history of self-reported myocardial infarction (MI), coronary artery bypass graft, angioplasty, stenting, or evidence of MI via electrocardiograph.