Table 1. Demographic profile of study participants with Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum malaria, Karachi, Pakistan, 2009–2011* .

Characteristic	Frequency (%)
	P. vivax	P. falciparum	Mixed
Sex
F	98 (33)	12 (25)	6 (46)
M	198 (67)	35 (75)	7 (54)
Previously healthy adults	189 (64)	30 (64)	10 (77)
Concurrent illness
Diabetes	49 (17)	4 (9)	0
Ischemic heart disease	37 (12)	2 (4)	3 (23)
Chronic kidney disease	10 (3)	3 (6)	0
Co-existing infection†	34 (12)	5 (11)	0
Others‡	10 (3)	5 (11)	0
Total§	107 (36)	17 (36)	3 (23)

*n = 356. 
†Co-existing infections included dengue fever, urinary tract infection, enteric fever, and hepatitis C, diagnosed by appropriate serologic testing/culture.
‡Other conditions included chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic liver disease, malignancy, and other conditions from the Charlson Comorbidity Index (5).
§Many patients had multiple comorbidities; therefore, the total does not sum the above.