Reduced viral loads in heart with coimmunization with pHMGB1. Four weeks following the last immunization, mice were infected with 3 times the LD50 of CVB3; 7 days later, the viral loads in heart were detected by real-time PCR. (A) Levels of CVB3 positive-strand RNA. (B) Levels of CVB3 negative-strand RNA. (C) Myocardial viral loads. Each group contained 5 mice. Experiments were repeated three times, with similar results. All of the experimental data were pooled and are presented together. ∗, P < 0.05; ∗∗∗, P < 0.001.