DPN fails to activate the PI3K/Akt/mTOR cell signaling pathway, but does increase BDNF levels, in Olig2,ERβ CKO EAE mice. Representative Western blot gels containing samples from healthy control and vehicle- and DPN-treated WT (A) and Olig2,ERβ CKO (D) EAE mice are shown. DPN treatment in WT mice improved pAKT and pmTOR levels (B). No such improvement is observed in the DPN-treated Olig2,ERβ CKO group (E). Analysis of BDNF levels reveals a significant increase in both WT and Olig2,ERβ CKO DPN-treated EAE animals (C–F). **P < 0.001; ANOVA; n = 3–6 per group.