Table 1.

Patient characteristics.

	CBZ Cases (n = 42)	CBZ Controls (n = 91)	P-valuea	OXC cases (n = 5)
Age, years
Therapy start, median (range)	9.9 (0.64–16.9)	7.4 (0.62–18.7)	0.006	6.6 (3.4–15.3)
Therapy mean, median (range)		9.6 (0.92–21.2)	0.52
Therapy end, median (range)		10.8 (1.22–23.8)	0.21
Sex, n (%)			0.85
female	19 (45)	43 (47)		4 (80)
male	23 (55)	48 (53)		1 (20)
CBZ duration, days	n = 38b	n = 88b	<0.001
median (range)	14 (4–55)	728 (58–6801)		14 (10–22)
CBZ dose, mg/day	n = 35b	n = 88b	<0.001
median (range)	400 (80–1000)	750 (100–2000)		600 (525–900)
Ancestry, n (%)c			0.03
Europe	17 (40)	56 (62)		3 (60)
Asia	6 (14)	6 (7)		-
Africa	1 (2)	1 (1)		-
Aboriginald	2 (5)	3 (3)		-
Latin America/Caribbean	4 (10)	1 (1)		-
mixed	10 (24)	14 (15)		-
unknown	2 (5)	10 (11)		2 (40)
Hypersensitivity reaction
HSS	6	-		-
SJS/TEN	9	-		2
MPE	26	-		3
AGEP	1	-		-
Time to onset of reaction, days	n = 37b
median (range)	13 (1–48)	-		13 (10–22)
HSS	16.5 (10–48)	-		-
SJS/TEN	14 (10–24)	-		16 (10–22)
MPEe	11 (1–28)	-		13 (11–14)
AGEP	45	-		-

AGEP, Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis; CBZ, carbamazepine; HSS, drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome; MPE, maculopapular exanthem; SJS/TEN, Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis; OXC, oxcarbazepine

^aTest between CBZ cases and CBZ controls

^bn = number known; only indicated if not known for all patients

^cCountry of origin; patients were classified as European if the country of origin of all four grandparents was European or Canada. Mixed origin was defined as ≥1 grandparent having a different origin from the other grandparents. Origin was classified as unknown if country of origin was not known for ≥1 grandparent.

^dAboriginal Canadian (First Nations, Inuit, Métis)

^eExact time to onset of reaction was not known for 5 patients.