Table 2.
A comparison of mean differences between patient and control groups illustrates the ability of goal-directed navigation to obtain results similar to that of standard neurocognitive measures.
| SCZ | HC | Difference in group means(a) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
| NAVIGATION TRIALS | |||||
| 1–4 total | 10,328 | 4611 | 6029 | 3128 | − 0.96 |
| 5–8 total | 20,856 | 8606 | 14,115 | 5350 | − 0.86 |
| 1–8 total | 31,185 | 11,045 | 20,143 | 7065 | − 1.03 |
| RBANS | |||||
| Immediate memory | 92 | 20 | 105 | 14 | − 0.71 |
| Visuospatial/Constructional | 86 | 17 | 104 | 15 | − 0.95 |
| Language | 94 | 13 | 101 | 14 | − 0.53 |
| Attention | 89 | 18 | 104 | 14 | − 0.88 |
| Delayed memory | 88 | 17 | 101 | 8 | − 0.91 |
| Total | 86 | 15 | 105 | 14 | − 1.08 |
| WAIS-III | |||||
| Pro-rated verbal IQ | 109 | 21 | 113 | 14 | − 0.27 |
| Pro-rated performance IQ | 105 | 18 | 116 | 16 | − 0.63 |
| Pro-rated full scale IQ | 107 | 18 | 116 | 14 | − 0.54 |
Distances are expressed in virtual units wherein 500 units = approximately 1 virtual block; N = 66; (a) = scores were standardized prior to group comparisons; HC, healthy controls; SCZ, individuals with schizophrenia. For consistency, all variables were scored such that (−) differences represent a schizophrenia-related deficit.