Table 2.
Comparison of four large studies using a standardized protocol.
| Parameter | Esposito et al. [16] | Verbeke et al. [17] | Jamieson et al. [4] | Campbell et al. [18] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Protocol | RCPath guidelines | RCPath guidelines | RCPath guidelines | RCPath guidelines |
| Cases | 111 | 26 | 148 | 163 |
| Study period | 2005-2006 | 1995-2003 | 1996-2007 | 1997-2007 |
| Margin definition | </= 1 mm | </= 1 mm | </= 1 mm | </= 1 mm |
| R-classification | ||||
| R0 | 24% | 15% | 26% | 21% |
| R1 (1 mm rule) | 76% | 85% | 74% | 79% |
| R1 (0 mm rule) | No data | No data | 55% | 45% |
| Margin involvement | ||||
| Posterior | 47% | 64% | 44% | 54% |
| Medial | 69% | 55% | 46% | 50% |
| Anterior surface | 10% | 18% | 37% | * |
| Pancreatic duct | 4% | 9% | ||
| Bile duct | 5% | 0 | 3% | 3% |
| Stomach/Duodenum | 4% | 0 | 2% | 5% |
| Transection | 30% | |||
| Only one single margin involved | 68% | 55% | 58% | 65% |
| Two or more margins involved (multifocal) | 32% | 45% | 42% | 35% |
* Isolated infiltration of anterior surface was not considered R1