Table 1.
Bile duct cannulation success
| Study | Setting | Design | Trainee | Success rate | s.e. | 95 % CI | % Weight |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adler et al. (5) | A | R | NA | 801/822=0.974 | 0.006 | 0.964–0.985 | 4.66 |
| Atamanalp et al. (7) | A | R | N | 2,965/3,664=0.809 | 0.006 | 0.800–0.822 | 4.65 |
| Ayoubi et al. (6) | C | R | NA | 60/85=0.706 | 0.049 | 0.609–0.803 | 2.87 |
| Belverde et al. (8) | A | P | Y | 1,214/1,335=0.909 | 0.009 | 0.853–0.888 | 4.60 |
| Cennamo et al. (9) | A | P | NA | 78/110=0.709 | 0.043 | 0.624–0.794 | 3.16 |
| Chatterjee et al. (10) | A/C | R | Y | 420/481=0.873 | 0.015 | 0.843–0.903 | 4.43 |
| Colton et al. (11) | C | P | N | 692/764=0.906 | 0.011 | 0.885–0.926 | 4.56 |
| Enochsson et al. (12) | A/C | P | Y | 10,188/11,074=0.920 | 0.003 | 0.915–0.925 | 4.69 |
| Garcia-Cano et al. (13) | A | P | Y | 168/199=0.844 | 0.026 | 0.794–0.895 | 4.01 |
| Glomsaker et al. (14) | A/C | P | NA | 3,278/3,809=0.861 | 0.006 | 0.850–0.871 | 4.66 |
| Imazu et al. (15) | A | R | NA | 77/85=0.906 | 0.032 | 0.844–0.968 | 3.73 |
| Khatibian et al. (16) | A | P | NA | 100/106=0.943 | 0.022 | 0.899–0.987 | 4.15 |
| Kouklakis et al. (17) | A | R | NA | 201/217=0.926 | 0.018 | 0.891–0.961 | 4.34 |
| Laohavichitra et al. (18) | A | R | NA | 287/293=0.980 | 0.008 | 0.963–0.996 | 4.61 |
| Li et al. (19) | A | P | Y | 460/465=0.989 | 0.005 | 0.980–0.999 | 4.67 |
| Mariani et al. (20) | A | P | Y | 1,149/1,249=0.920 | 0.008 | 0.905–0.935 | 4.63 |
| Nakai et al. (21) | A | P | Y | 493/500=0.986 | 0.005 | 0.976–0.996 | 4.66 |
| Panteris et al. (22) | C | R | N | 570/601=0.948 | 0.018 | 0.891–0.961 | 4.34 |
| Testoni et al. (23) | A/C | P | Y | 3,213/3,635=0.884 | 0.005 | 0.873–0.894 | 4.66 |
| Testoni et al. (24) | A | R | Y | 1,717/2,004=0.857 | 0.008 | 0.841–0.872 | 4.62 |
| Trifan et al. (25) | A | R | NA | 115/128=0.898 | 0.027 | 0.846–0.951 | 3.96 |
| Williams et al. (26) | A/C | P | Y | 4,089/5,264=0.777 | 0.006 | 0.766–0.788 | 4.66 |
| Xinopoulos et al. (27) | A | R | NA | 2,202/2,332=0.944 | 0.005 | 0.935–0.954 | 4.67 |
| Cumulative weighted success rate | 0.893 | 0.866–0.919 | 100.0 |
| Coef. | 95 % CI | P value | |
| Setting | 0.047 | −0.063 to 0.157 | 0.377 |
| Design | −0.008 | −0.074 to 0.058 | 0.803 |
| Trainee | 0.036 | −0.077 to 0.149 | 0.497 |
Heterogeneity χ2=1,756.02 (d.f.=22), P=0.000; I2=98.7 %; estimate of between-study variance τ2=0.004; test of ES=0: z=66.39, P=0.000
Metaregression subgroup analysis
CI, confidence interval; Coef., coefficient; ES, effect size; NA, not applicable.