Table 1.

Summary of changes in cochlear nuclei.

Author(s)	Species	Etiology	Deafness onset	Change(s) observed
Nordeen et al., 1983	Gerbil	Cochlear ablation	Day 1–2	↓ # of neurons
Moore et al., 1998	Rats	Ototoxicity	Day 6–10	No change in # of neurons
		Cochlear removal	Day 6 Day 12	↓ # of neurons
				No change in # of neurons
Stakhovskaya et al., 2008	Cat	Ototoxic	Day 16–24	↓↓↓ volume
			Day 48–56	↓ volume
Moore and Kowalchuk, 1988	Ferret	Cochlear lesion	Day 12–93	↓ volume in dorsal division
				↓↓↓ volume in ventral divisions
				↓ size of bushy cell somata
Anniko et al., 1989	Mouse	Congenital	Day 0	↓ volume in dorsal division
				↓↓↓ volume in ventral divisions
Tierney et al., 1997	Gerbils	Cochlear removal	Day 3–7	↓ # of neurons
				↓↓↓ volume
				↓ neuron size
			Day 11–93	No change in # of neurons
				↓ volume
				↓ neuron size
Hashisaki and Rubel, 1989	Gerbils	Cochlear removal	Day 7	↓ # of neurons
				↓ size of neurons
			Day 140	No change in # of neurons
				↓ size of neurons
Hulcrantz et al., 1991	Cat	Ototoxic	Day 14–16	↓ size of neurons
Lustig et al., 1994	Cat	Ototoxic	Day 14–16	↓ size of neurons
Saada et al., 1996	Cat	Congenital	Day 0	↓ size of neurons
Hardie and Shepherd, 1999	Cat	Ototoxic	Day 10	↓ size of neurons
Saada et al., 1996	Cat	Congenital	Day 0	↓ size of bushy cell somata
West and Harrison, 1973	Cat	Congenital	Day 0	↓ size of bushy cell somata
Redd et al., 2002	Cat	Congenital	Day 0	↓ size of multipolar cell bodies
				↓ complexity of synaptic cleft
Redd et al., 2000	Cat	Congenital	Day 0	PSDs are flattened and ↓ in size
				↑ in neurotransmitter receptors
Ryugo et al., 2010	Cat	Ototoxic	Day 17–24	PSDs are flattened and ↑ in size
Oleskevich and Walmsley, 2002	Mouse	Congenital	Day 0	↑ neurotransmitter release probability
Wang and Manis, 2006	Mouse	Congenital	Day 20–57	↓ temporal resolution

PSD, Postsynaptic density, Day 0 = Day of birth.