Table 2.

Summary of changes in superior olivary nuclei.

Author(s)	Species	Etiology	Deafness onset	Change(s) observed
Russell and Moore, 1999	Gerbil	Cochlear removal	Day 18	↓ # of dendrites in MSO
Schwartz and Higa, 1982	Cat	Congenital	Day 0	↓ MSO neuron size
				↓ size of the MSO
Tirko and Ryugo, 2012	Cat	Congenital	Day 0	No change in MSO neuron size
				No change in nucleus size
				↓ terminal bouton size in MSO
				↓ inhibitory input at MSO cell soma/dendrites
Kapfer et al., 2002	Gerbil	Noise exposure	Day 10–25	↓ inhibitory input at MSO cell soma
Moore, 1992	Ferret	Cochlear removal	Day 5	↓ # of LSO neurons
				↓ size of the LSO
Pasic et al., 1994	Gerbil	Cochlear ablation	Day 28–42	↓ size of MNTB neurons
Oleskevich and Walmsley, 2002	Mice	Congenital	Day 0	Calyx of Held matures normally
Oleskevich et al., 2004	Mice	Congenital	Day 0	Calyx of Held matures normally
Youssoufian et al., 2005	Mice	Congenital	Day 0	Calyx of Held matures normally
Leao et al., 2006	Mice	Congenital	Day 0	Tonotopy is disrupted
von Hehn et al., 2004	Mice	Congenital	Day 0	Tonotopy is disrupted

MSO, Medial superior olive; LSO, Lateral superior olive; MNTB, Medial nucleus of the trapezoid body.