Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of men with different self-reported drinking histories
| |
Overall |
Non-drinkers |
Occasional drinkers |
Frequent drinkers |
p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable † | (n = 11900) | (n = 8015) | (n = 3246) | (n = 639) | |
| Age (years) |
58.82 ± 12.04 |
60.87 ± 12.14 |
54.55 ± 10.66 |
54.85 ± 10.54 |
<0.001 |
| Stage 3 CKD, n (%) |
2064(17.3) |
1640(20.5) |
361(11.1) |
63(9.9) |
<0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) |
74.41 ± 16.17 |
72.85 ± 16.24 |
77.38 ± 15.41 |
78.90 ± 16.07 |
<0.001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) |
1.13 ± 0.22 |
1.14 ± 0.23 |
1.10 ± 0.19 |
1.08 ± 0.19 |
<0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) |
5372(45.1) |
3703(46.2) |
1355(41.7) |
314(49.1) |
<0.001 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) |
133.01 ± 19.56 |
133.19 ± 19.78 |
132.08 ± 19.02 |
135.52 ± 19.25 |
<0.001 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) |
79.26 ± 12.25 |
78.55 ± 12.13 |
80.25 ± 12.34 |
83.09 ± 12.37 |
<0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia, n (%) |
432(3.6) |
287(3.6) |
124(3.8) |
21(3.3) |
0.739 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) |
206.68 ± 41.30 |
205.62 ± 40.15 |
209.54 ± 43.17 |
205.49 ± 45.06 |
<0.001 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) |
156.70 ± 166.51 |
143.66 ± 115.73 |
173.54 ± 228.20 |
234.76 ± 272.61 |
<0.001 |
| Hyperuricemia, n (%) |
4629(38.9) |
2997(37.4) |
1334(41.1) |
298(46.6) |
<0.001 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) |
6.75 ± 1.62 |
6.69 ± 1.64 |
6.83 ± 1.52 |
7.02 ± 1.72 |
<0.001 |
| Diabetes, n (%) |
1767(14.8) |
1233(15.4) |
415(12.8) |
119(18.6) |
<0.001 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) |
107.03 ± 40.24 |
106.86 ± 39.70 |
106.60 ± 40.65 |
111.37 ± 44.42 |
0.019 |
| Liver dysfunction, n (%) |
2480(20.8) |
1581(19.7) |
732(22.6) |
167(26.1) |
<0.001 |
| ALT (IU/L) |
37.14 ± 42.86 |
36.28 ± 44.58 |
38.32 ± 37.89 |
41.97 ± 44.22 |
0.001 |
| Anemia, n (%) |
719(6.0) |
582(7.3) |
109(3.4) |
28(4.4) |
<0.001 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) |
15.19 ± 1.44 |
15.06 ± 1.45 |
15.43 ± 1.32 |
15.55 ± 1.54 |
<0.001 |
| WBC count (103/μL) |
6.51 ± 1.99 |
6.47 ± 1.95 |
6.57 ± 1.82 |
6.79 ± 3.01 |
<0.001 |
| Proteinuria, n (%) |
1310(11.0) |
910(11.4) |
308(9.5) |
92(14.4) |
<0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) |
25.11 ± 3.47 |
24.94 ± 3.48 |
25.50 ± 3.34 |
25.29 ± 3.76 |
<0.001 |
| Smoking, n (%) |
3024(25.4) |
1425(17.8) |
1192(36.7) |
407(63.7) |
<0.001 |
| Betel nut chewing, n (%) | 1538(12.9) | 484(6.0) | 760(23.4) | 294(46.0) | <0.001 |
†In this table and Table 2, results are expressed as n (%) or mean ± SD.