Table 2.

Median evolutionary distances to the outgroup species Sorghum bicolor and Zea mays as estimated by the general time reversible (GTR) model, and synonymous (dS) and nonsynonymous (dN) substitutions per synonymous/nonsynonymous site

Trees	Method	Rice	Pooideae
			Bd	Hv	Ta	Fp	Lp
All	GTR	0.220	0.230	0.250	0.253	0.262	0.253
	dS	0.638	0.619	0.661	0.665	0.657	0.672
	dN	0.071	0.077	0.083	0.082	0.091	0.083
Low temperature induced	GTR	0.206	0.224	0.244	0.246	0.267	0.252
	dS	0.641	0.624	0.657	0.669	0.667	0.686
	dN	0.063	0.070	0.077	0.075	0.080	0.077

Bd, Brachypodium distachyon; Hv, Hordeum vulgare (barley); Ta, Triticum aestivum (wheat); Fp, Festuca pratensis; Lp, Lolium perenne.