Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of subjects
| NGT | IGT | DM | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N (men/women) | 558 (210/348) | 165 (66/99) | 52 (26/26) |
| Age (years) | 63.1±0.6 | 67.4± 1.1† | 68.7± 1.8† |
| SBP (mmHg) | 135±1 | 138±1† | 140±2† |
| DBP (mmHg) | 76±1 | 77±1 | 78±1 |
| BMI | 23.7±0.2 | 25.0±0.3† | 25.6±0.5† |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 4.89±0.04 | 5.18±0.06† | 7.33±0.11†,‡ |
| 1-hour glucose (mmol/L) | 7.84±0.11 | 10.67±0.18† | 15.05±0.31†,‡ |
| 2-hour glucose (mmol/L) | 5.51±0.08 | 8.84±0.12† | 14.58±0.22†,‡ |
| Fasting insulin (pmol/L) | 41.5±1.7 | 51.9±2.8† | 71.1 ±4.8†,‡ |
| 1-hour insulin (pmol/L) | 402.8±14.2 | 473.7±23.0† | 351.6±39.9‡ |
| 2-hour insulin (pmol/L) | 262.8±12.5 | 529.4±20.3† | 438.6±35.3†,‡ |
| T-CHO (mmol/L) | 5.58±0.05 | 5.59±0.08 | 5.65±0.14 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.58±0.07 | 1.85±0.11† | 2.46±0.19† |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.48±0.02 | 1.40±0.03 | 1.32±0.05† |
| MGC (mmol/L) | 6.08±0.06 | 8.23±0.10† | 12.32±0.18†,‡ |
| GE (mmol/L) | 3.30±0.09 | 5.65±0.14† | 8.51±0.24†,‡ |
| CRP (mg/L) | 0.19±0.02 | 0.20±0.03† | 0.24±0.05† |
| Urinary isoprostane (ng/gCr) | 0.59±0.05 | 0.68±0.08 | 1.00±0.13 |
Notes:
†
P<0.05 toward NGT
‡
P<0.05 toward IGT by Tukey–Kramer method. Data are expressed as means ± standard error. All data are adjusted for age, sex, and smoking status except age.
Abbreviations: NGT, normal glucose tolerance; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; DM, diabetes mellitus; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; BMI, body mass index; T-CHO, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; MGC, mean glucose concentration; GE, glucose excursion; CRP, C-reactive protein; Cr, creatinine.