Table 1.
Integration-free iPS generation methods
| Deliveries | Factors | Species | Efficiency | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Adenovirus | OKSM | Mouse | 0.0006~0.0018% | 44 |
| Sendai virus | OKSM | Human | 0.1% | 46 |
| Plasmid | OKSM | Mouse | 0.0001~0.001% | 45 |
| Single polycistronic plasmid | OKSM | Mouse | 0.1% | 47 |
| Purified recombinant protein from E. coli | OKSM+VPA | Mouse | 0.006% | 51 |
| Whole protein extracts from genetically engineered cell | OKSM | Human | 0.001% | 52 |
| Synthetic mRNA | OKSM | Human | ~1% | 53 |
Abbreviations: O, Oct4; K, Klf4; S, Sox2; M, c-Myc; VPA, valproic acid.