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. 2006 Sep 1;5(3):381–389.

Table 4.

State and trait anxiety levels and patterns of biogenetic temperament between athletes with and without winning experience. Data are means (±SD).

  Winner
(n=110)
No winner
(n=167)
Statistics
t p
State anxiety 47.0 (15.2) 50.7 (12.1) 2.13 .03 *
Trait anxiety 47.8 (13.4) 51.4 (14.1) 1.99 .04 *
Novelty Seeking 19.9 (5.2) 19.7 (5.2) .48 .63
Harm Avoidance 18.1 (5.5) 18.5 (6.5) .58 .56
Reward Dependence 15.4 (3.2) 14.4 (3.3) 2.41 .02 *
Persistence 4.9 (1.8) 4.4 (1.8) 2.29 .02 *

* p < 0.05. Winner: athletes who had the experience of the 1st or the final winner.